Modern Approaches Toраторной Laboratory Allergy Diagnostics

Abstract

The prevalence of allergic diseases in the population varies from 10% to 40% in different countries. Improving the quality of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of allergic diseases is an urgent public health issue. The review discusses the etiology, pathogenesis, clinic and diagnosis of allergic diseases. The main stages of allergy diagnosis include a number of specific and non-specific examination methods. The authors discuss various methods of laboratory diagnostics in particular detail, discuss indications and contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of various diagnostic methods. Although skin testing performed by an allergist is the "gold standard" for allergy diagnosis, it has a number of contraindications and limitations that make it possible to perform laboratory diagnostic methods in in vitro. To conduct laboratory tests, it is necessary to select a laboratory that uses modern methods of the 3rd generation with an accuracy of 0.1kU/l for detecting allergic reactions, starting from the 1st significance class. However, despite the importance of laboratory diagnostic methods, a final conclusion should be made only after comparison with the clinical picture, allergological, pharmacological and nutritional history, with the results of instrumental studies and skin testing (in the absence of contraindications to their use).