Independent Reading Skills in Primary Education: Historical and Methodological Perspectives

Abstract

Independent reading, or voluntary reading of self-selected materials, plays a key role in literacy development. This article reviews its historical evolution and importance in primary education, from mid-20th century programs (like DEAR, SSR, and extracurricular reading) to current research. It summarizes the contributions of scholars such as Vygotsky, Elkonin, Bus, Cullinan, Krashen, and others, focusing on psychological and pedagogical strategies to foster independent reading. The article also highlights current challenges and recommends innovative approaches to strengthen reading habits in young learners.