Modern Possibilities of Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients with the Pathology of the Digestive System

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is associated with a number of pathological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to inflammatory bowel diseases, IDA is often associated with chronic liver diseases. Various factors such as chronic blood loss, malabsorption, and inflammation contribute to the development of IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia initially consult gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and treatment, and measures for subsequent monitoring of the patient are not standardized and optimized. Even when symptoms of anemia do not develop, iron deficiency can significantly affect physical health and cognitive function, and reduce the quality of life. Therefore, it is important to regularly evaluate the iron concentration and understand the clinical consequences of a decrease in the concentration of iron in the blood serum according to other specialists: gastroenterologists, surgeons, therapists. Over time, due to the introduction of effective parenteral iron preparations into clinical practice, the treatment options for IDA are increasing. There is a lack of appropriate systematic reviews in existing scientific journals. This review summarizes the current understanding of the course of IDA in specific diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, and discusses a unique approach to the treatment of anemia and iron deficiency in daily clinical practice.