Challenges of Crime Prevention and the Effectiveness of Stop-And-Search Strategies in Enhancing Public Safety in Nigerian Urban Areas

Abstract

Rising crime rates in Nigerian urban centers have significantly impacted public safety and eroded socio-economic stability. As a result, fear of crime has become a prevalent component of everyday life. This study investigates the challenges of urban crime prevention and evaluates the efficacy of stop-and-search strategies in enhancing safety in Nigerian cities. It explores the dynamics of crime, institutional constraints faced by law enforcement, and the public perception of police conduct. The study draws on established criminological theories and employs qualitative methods, including observational data, crime statistics, and security agency reports. Findings highlight critical barriers such as inadequate training, corruption, and poor community relations, but also demonstrate the potential effectiveness of intelligence-led, community-oriented policing. The paper proposes a framework for reforming policing practices to restore public trust and improve urban security.