Legal Framework for Implementing Iaea Safety Standards Comparative Analysis and Models for Uzbekistan

Abstract

The rapid expansion of nuclear energy as a component of national energy strategies has brought the legal regulation of nuclear safety to the forefront of both domestic and international policy agendas. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), as of 2024, there are 410 operational nuclear reactors in 31 countries, with an additional 60 reactors under construction and more than 100 in various planning stages. This trend reflects a global recognition of nuclear energy as a low-carbon option essential for achieving the objectives of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (2015), while simultaneously raising complex legal and regulatory questions concerning nuclear safety, liability, and international oversight (IAEA Power Reactor Information System, 2024).