Novel Strategies to the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Abstract

For oligometastasis in hormone-sensitive and recurrent prostate cancer (typically defined as three or fewer metastases), the potential benefits of the primary tumor treatment and/or metastasis-directed therapy were explored. Similarly, several retrospective studies suggested that ablative radiotherapy or surgery of oligometastases in CRPC might delay the PSA progression and the initiation of the next-line systematic treatment. In this sense, oligometastatic CRPC appeared to be a distinct entity that warrants further investigations on its prognostic significance and implications on treatment strategies.In the treatment of metastatic hormone-resistant prostate cancer, the use of chemotherapy both in single mode and in combination with other drugs is currently the standard. In most cases, prostate cancer responds well to hormonal androgen deprivation therapy (therapeutic castration). Unfortunately, over time, in many patients, the tumor begins to progress, despite ongoing treatment. A decrease in testosterone levels becomes insufficient to keep the growth of malignant cells. This condition is called hormone-resistant, hormone-refractory, or castration-resistant prostate cancer. The search for drugs, their combinations and new treatment regimens for patients with GRP continues in order to improve treatment results.