Morphological Changes of the Ankle Tissue on the Surface of the Knee Joint in Deformable Gonarthrosis

Abstract

Deforming gonarthrosis is a chronic degenerative disease in which the cartilaginous tissue of the knee joint is destroyed. Morphological changes include dehydration and loss of proteoglycans, which leads to a decrease in the elasticity of the cartilage and deterioration of its shock-absorbing properties. Destruction of the collagen network and the formation of microcracks on the cartilage surface contribute to its further wear. The number and activity of chondrocytes decreases, which complicates tissue regeneration. In the late stages of the disease, calcification and ossification of the cartilage may occur. These processes lead to a decrease in joint mobility, pain, and a significant deterioration in the quality of life of patients.