The Impact of Adenoid Vegetations on Respiratory, Hearing, And Facial Development in Children

Abstract

This literature review analyzes the impact of adenoid vegetations (vegetation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa) - a common otolaryngological problem in children - on breathing, hearing, and the development of the maxillofacial skeleton. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, it is shown that adenoids block nasal breathing , leading to the habit of mouth breathing, impaired sleep quality, and conditions accompanied by hypoxia. Also, fluid accumulation in the middle ear (exudative otitis) and hearing loss due to compression of the Eustachian tube opening are revealed . It is based on the fact that mouth breathing can lead to the development of pathological formations of the maxillofacial skeleton, that is, the “adenoid face” syndrome. Studies show the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive assessment of adenoid vegetations in children. The article provides recommendations aimed at reducing the consequences of the disease based on modern diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.