The Biological Mechanisms Linking Vitamin D Deficiency to Ivf Outcomes: Insights for Clinical Application

Abstract

Vitamin D has long since outgrown its old uses in bone makeup and mineral homeostasis, becoming one of the vital components in reproductive biology. This vitamin has receptors in the ovarian and endometrial tissues, which participate in steroidogenesis, the growth of the follicles and the endometrial accessibility to implantation. The absence of vitamin D affects the functioning of the reproductive system improperly: ovulation may become incorrect, the quality of the oocytes may be decreased, and embryos may have difficulties with successful implantation. The outcome of such minor but important disruptions may greatly diminish the probability of pregnancy in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF).

In order to investigate this problem, research was conducted between 2023 and 2025 at the Republican Maternity Hospital No. 4 bearing the name of Irgashev, in Tashkent. The respondents were forty women between 20 and 35 years old whose IVF was in preparation. They were divided into two groups, one of which featured women with severe vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D ≤20 ng/ml), whereas the other group included women whose vitamin D levels were restored to 40 ng/ml or above before treatment. All the participants have been evaluated clinically and with labs and an ultrasound, and have undergone a thorough statistical analysis.

The preliminary evidence indicates that replacing the low levels of vitamin D leads to better oocyte quality, endometrial receptivity, and a higher birth rate of a child. These results demonstrate the need to diagnose and treat the deficit of vitamin D before IVF, which is a feasible and inexpensive approach to advance reproductive outcomes in Uzbekistan and other environments with comparable conditions.